My Hoffmann experience (so far)

Alex

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Mar 28, 2022
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Ghent, Belgium
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Fotoshop Ghent
Hi everyone,

In a previous thread, I mentioned that if I ever got a Hoffmann, I'd share my experience with you all. Well, I'm excited to say that I finally got one! After owning it for a month, I have quite a bit to share, though not all of it is positive.

Based on the discussion in the thread I referenced earlier (https://www.thegrumble.com/threads/purchasing-a-hoffman-mu3-go-pnuematic-or-manual.91592/#post-1176021 purchasing a Hoffman MU3, go pnuematic or manual?), I decided to go with the standard MU3—non-pneumatic and non-digital. I have no regrets about skipping the digital option. I work with a limited variety of moulding, and some of them even share the same stem thickness, so I didn’t see much value in going digital. Plus, I tried out the foolproof method that @David Waldmann mentioned in the thread, and it works like a charm. Using simple wooden setup blocks makes resetting for a specific moulding thickness very easy.

That said, I do have a couple of less-than-ideal observations. Around the same time I got the Hoffmann, I found a new mill for making my moulding, and they are outstanding. Their accuracy is within 0.1mm (³/₆₄ inch) on EVERY profile, and I purchased about 1,700 meters (+/- 5,500 feet) of moulding from them. I’m thrilled with the quality, and it's a good thing I switched suppliers because it's clear that the Hoffmann doesn’t work well with subpar materials. If I had used what I used to get from my previous supplier, the machine might have been useless. Your stock needs to be precise; otherwise, you won't get a good joint. For those in the U.S., I recommend purchasing from @David Waldmann .Just the fact that he can use the hoffmann with with accuracy on all of his moulding is a testament of the quality of the moulding.

As for not choosing the pneumatic version, I don’t have major regrets, but I do suggest thinking this decision through carefully. Every frame requires at least four slots to be routed, meaning you'll have to pull the handle down four times per frame. In my experience, I’ve found that to completely clear the slot of dust from the router, I need to make two passes, effectively doubling the number of pulls to eight per frame. If you’re doing a lot of volume, this can add up. While it's not a deal-breaker, it is something I initially overlooked. Another downside is that my dust collection system might not be strong enough. I’m not thrilled about having to route the slot twice to clear debris. It doesn’t require too much effort, but I worry that I might accidentally reposition the wood, causing the slot to be larger than intended. Again, this might be an issue with my dust collection system (I use a Festool vacuum dedicated to the Hoffmann).

Now, onto the positives. From the moment I hammered in my first key, I knew this system was superior for mechanically fastening frames, and I don’t understand why it isn’t more widely used compared to underpinners. I set up the machine with the W0 bit and used it to make very thin-stemmed frames of 6mm (¹⁵/₆₄ inch). Even without glue, I was amazed by the strength of the corners. The key alone creates a strong, immediate connection, and when routed properly, it runs almost the entire depth of the moulding. This makes it hard to imagine how such a joint could ever fail unless subjected to obvious damage, like a fall. This immediate connection also saves time since there’s no need to wait 24 hours before putting stress on the joint. You can move on to sanding and finishing without compromising the joint. To be safe, I let mine set for at least an hour or however long it takes to join the entire batch of frames for the day before starting to sand.

This revelation made me very happy, and I eagerly started assembling corner samples for my new shop. However, when I tried to join an entire frame, things took a downturn. The problem was that the tips of my corners began to open as soon as I assembled all four corners. Since @wpfay warned me that the Hoffmann is unforgiving with bad miters, I immediately reset my Morso chopper following the manual on the Vermont Hardwoods website. After a full reset, the issue persisted. I started to think the problem wasn’t the miters but the router bit setup. The machine came set up with a W0 bit, and since I had ordered an extra, I assumed they installed one as well. After resetting everything, the situation actually worsened. Now, even with single corners, there was a gap at the tips. I tried increasing the tension by routing deeper slots, but that made things worse. Loosening the tension made the joint flimsy, losing much of its original strength, also still a gap.

And that’s where I’ve been stuck ever since. I’ve reset my Morso three times, but I can't seem to fix this gap issue. It doesn’t change even when I adjust the angle to make it less sharp. Every time I drive in a key, the joint opens at the tip. It’s a small gap that can easily be filled with filler, but I don’t like it. Based on everything I’ve read about the machine, I don’t think it’s supposed to be this way. If it’s a problem with the miter, then I would say the Hoffmann is extremely unforgiving, which is something to seriously consider before purchasing.

One odd thing I’ve noticed is that on every routed slot, one edge is clean while the other is a bit ragged. What’s strange is that the ragged edge is always the edge towards the outside of the molding, regardless of whether the stock is fed from the left or the right. This rules out a bad edge on the chip breaker since the ragged edge switches sides on every slot.

My conclusion so far is that the Hoffmann is a fantastic machine, but it’s also extremely unforgiving of mistakes. Either that, or my expectations for its performance might be too high. I’m still struggling with the gap issue, and unfortunately, here in Belgium, there isn’t much support available to help resolve it. The people who sold me the machine don’t have deep knowledge of its finer workings, which I was aware of beforehand. My advice before purchasing would be to check if Hoffmann has support in your area or if there’s another framer nearby who can help you fine-tune your machine and troubleshoot if things go wrong.

I’ve also heard of an alternative approach where you first glue the joints (using something like Masterclamps) to get perfect alignment without gaps, and then drive in the keys afterward as a ‘mere’ mechanical fastener. However, this method requires waiting for the glue to fully cure before inserting the keys, which negates the speed advantage that the Hoffmann offers. I’ve tried a similar method where I glue the frame using band clamps and drive in the keys before the glue dries. While this does give clean results, I don’t think it should be necessary to go through these extra steps.

If anyone has suggestions for fixing the gap issue, I’d greatly appreciate it. I’ll also add some pictures later to show how ‘bad’ the situation is. Also, maybe I should try to reset my Morso again, any tips on how to fine-tune this further (I already used the vermont hardwoods online 'way')?

One last point about tension—I’ve read that the keys should be so tight that you need to be careful not to bend them when hammering them in (in the cas of W0 that is). However, after experimenting with the tension, I’ve never felt like the keys were close to bending. I stack 10mm and 22mm keys, and they always go in fairly smoothly. I use an Allen wrench tip to push them all the way in, but I’ve never had trouble getting them deep enough.

So, it’s a mix of good and bad so far… stay tuned for more updates.

Cheers,
Alexander
 
How are you determining the location of the keyways in the frames? This sounds like a situation where they are positioned too close to the outside of the frame.
The keyways should be positioned as close to the inside as possible on thinner profiles. Failure of the joint is almost always on the outside which would show at the tip of the outside corner. Fig 1 below
Are the keyways absolutely parallel to the outside of the frame?

When gluing you need to avoid getting any glue in the keyways. The hydrostatic pressure when you drive in the key can cause joint failure.
I usually cut my keyways a bit long to avoid having trapped glue with nowhere to go.

The chipping you are seeing is probably due to the direction of rotation of the dovetail bit.
The same kind of thing that happens when you feed stock on the wrong side of a router bit (running feed).
This is much less evident in harder woods.

Are you using the tall fence when routing the keyways on tall thin mouldings? It really makes a difference.

Post some photos of the issue if you can. Also the foot of the joint so we can see the keyway position.

Your math is a little off. When routing keyways in a 4 sided frame you make 8 cuts, and re-cutting because of debris doubles that.
Mine is manual, and the action isn't all that difficult, but then again, I'm on my 3rd Hoffmann, and am used to doing it. I also have the recommended lubricant for the bushings so I don't ever have any drag.
Think of it as upper body workout, and do switch hands with each set of cuts. I prefer the manual because you can easily control the speed of the cut through different density woods.

I have the same issue with the keyway clearing all the debris on a single pass, but not every time or with all mouldings. If I'm working on the same profile for a number of frames and notice it happening I will drop the head a bit and raise it back up after making the initial cut, just a cm or so. Tapping the foot of the frame against the bed of the machine will also dislodge any residual debris, and the dust collector will suck it in.

IMG_2027.webp1. As close to the inside as possible 2. Thin gap visible when keys are inserted (Depth of cut adjustment).
 
How are you determining the location of the keyways in the frames? This sounds like a situation where they are positioned too close to the outside of the frame.
The keyways should be positioned as close to the inside as possible on thinner profiles. Failure of the joint is almost always on the outside which would show at the tip of the outside corner. Fig 1 below
Are the keyways absolutely parallel to the outside of the frame?

When gluing you need to avoid getting any glue in the keyways. The hydrostatic pressure when you drive in the key can cause joint failure.
I usually cut my keyways a bit long to avoid having trapped glue with nowhere to go.

The chipping you are seeing is probably due to the direction of rotation of the dovetail bit.
The same kind of thing that happens when you feed stock on the wrong side of a router bit (running feed).
This is much less evident in harder woods.

Are you using the tall fence when routing the keyways on tall thin mouldings? It really makes a difference.

Post some photos of the issue if you can. Also the foot of the joint so we can see the keyway position.

Your math is a little off. When routing keyways in a 4 sided frame you make 8 cuts, and re-cutting because of debris doubles that.
Mine is manual, and the action isn't all that difficult, but then again, I'm on my 3rd Hoffmann, and am used to doing it. I also have the recommended lubricant for the bushings so I don't ever have any drag.
Think of it as upper body workout, and do switch hands with each set of cuts. I prefer the manual because you can easily control the speed of the cut through different density woods.

I have the same issue with the keyway clearing all the debris on a single pass, but not every time or with all mouldings. If I'm working on the same profile for a number of frames and notice it happening I will drop the head a bit and raise it back up after making the initial cut, just a cm or so. Tapping the foot of the frame against the bed of the machine will also dislodge any residual debris, and the dust collector will suck it in.

View attachment 496381. As close to the inside as possible 2. Thin gap visible when keys are inserted (Depth of cut adjustment).
Hi
I should have mentioned that I indeed place the keyway as close to the inside, just like in figure 1 and that the tension is so that I get slight gaps on the sides of the key when insterted like in figure 2. This also helps with glue being stuck in the keyway when driving it in. The keyways are indeed nice an parallel, when on occasion they are not this is super noticable as it trows the entire corner out of alignment when the key is driven in.

And yes you are right, 2 keyways equal one corner, my mistake. I don’t mind doing it manually. I just didn’t really think it through, no regrets though.
As for the debris, I’m going to try the way you described, thanks.

I don’t have the tall fence but I can see how it is usefull. Only I guess it would only have an impact on how parallel to the moulding the keyway is routed and I don’t think (but could be very much mistaken) that this could give me the gap issue.

Here are Some pictures of some of the joints. Oh and on the maple one. When I hold them togheter I get a nice close, I know it might not seem like it in the photo’s (it actually seems worse then it is).
In both Photo’s it’s a W0 in a 6mm stem and the moulding has a height of 32mm
IMG_2609.webp
 

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A few things
1. In your pictures there is a gap on either side of the Bowtie. That is likely why you do not have an issue with the keys bending.
As far as I know, you do not want this space, and you should lower the router bit.
2. Thin stem mouldings are always a problem to work with.
3. Have you tried dry fitting the moulding? That is make a 4 sided frame, and see if all corners line up perfectly? If they do not, then the angle of your cut is likely off.
4. You are working on Hardwood moulding with a chopper. Your corner joins are getting worse over time. Is this all with one set of blades? If so, the blades may need a sharpen.
5. Two quotes from your long intro "I don’t understand why it isn’t more widely used compared to underpinners." " the Hoffmann doesn’t work well with subpar materials"
I think the second quote answers the first quote. This is not to say that you are working with subpar materials.

I wish you the bust of luck with your machine.
You can contact Hoffman directly for help with your tools.
I bought mine second hand, and they have tried to help me.
The tall fence is quite useful, and I'd say it should be default. The main use I have for it is Floater frames.
 
Ok, The gaps next to the key are way too large. I'm thinking .25mm at the most, just barely visible. That tight and the keyway could fail.
When I'm building a frame, I can usually push the key into the keyway a bit by hand on softer woods, with maple, I can get them started by hand but they generally hammer in easily.

I would think with the stem profiles you are using, the tall fence would be a huge help. I didn't have one with my 1st Hoffmann, and I did an entire museum show, 200 pieces, having to rely on my ability to hand-hold the moulding at the right attitude.
With the tall fence it is also easier to see that the moulding is correctly positioned, and by "see" I include the feel of the moulding settling into position.

Do me a favor and cut a sample of that frame from scrap, but instead of putting it in the Morso with the face up, put it in with the face down. That's how the folks at Vermont Hardwoods cut their stem profiles on Morso choppers. See if that makes a difference in joining.

I'm going to try to get some folks better suited to your issue than I am to see if they can help. Stay tuned.
 
A few things
1. In your pictures there is a gap on either side of the Bowtie. That is likely why you do not have an issue with the keys bending.
As far as I know, you do not want this space, and you should lower the router bit.
2. Thin stem mouldings are always a problem to work with.
3. Have you tried dry fitting the moulding? That is make a 4 sided frame, and see if all corners line up perfectly? If they do not, then the angle of your cut is likely off.
4. You are working on Hardwood moulding with a chopper. Your corner joins are getting worse over time. Is this all with one set of blades? If so, the blades may need a sharpen.
5. Two quotes from your long intro "I don’t understand why it isn’t more widely used compared to underpinners." " the Hoffmann doesn’t work well with subpar materials"
I think the second quote answers the first quote. This is not to say that you are working with subpar materials.

I wish you the bust of luck with your machine.
You can contact Hoffman directly for help with your tools.
I bought mine second hand, and they have tried to help me.
The tall fence is quite useful, and I'd say it should be default. The main use I have for it is Floater frames.
Hi There,
Thank you for your reaction.
1. I'm going to try and ease off the tension and make the gaps on either side of the key smaller. This is what it looks like when te tension is turned way up wich should acctualy make it harder to drive in the keys I guess.
2. Yeah it's tricky. but then again I got some really clean cut and straight stock so It shouldn't be causing this kind of problem. Never had any problems with thin stock before I used the hoffmann either. Oh and I really love me some super slim frames :D
3. I have and It might not be perfect but nowhere near as bad as the result I get when the keys are in place. Also It doesn't explain why the gap shows up on the tip when I do a single corner... does it? Anyway, I am thinking about resetting the angles on my morso again though.
4. The blades are newly sharped but not new. They give super clean cuts on all the hardwoods (I only use hardwoods). That being said I have a completly new set of blades that I've sent out for sharpening which I should get back by the end of the month, I'm definitly going to switch to the new and newly sharpened ones as soon as I can.
5. I guess you are right, Also the entire expirience is so far a mixed bag. If I where not using raw hardwood moulding that can be sanded an filled, I don't think I could use the machine at this point. It's surely not a 'working straight out of the box' machine (although it did seem that way, very little actual setup but a lot of fine-tuning)

I don't know why but I haven't really thought about reaching out to Hoffmann, since there in a different country but that's actualy a good (and very logical idea), Thank you
 
Ok, The gaps next to the key are way too large. I'm thinking .25mm at the most, just barely visible. That tight and the keyway could fail.
When I'm building a frame, I can usually push the key into the keyway a bit by hand on softer woods, with maple, I can get them started by hand but they generally hammer in easily.

I would think with the stem profiles you are using, the tall fence would be a huge help. I didn't have one with my 1st Hoffmann, and I did an entire museum show, 200 pieces, having to rely on my ability to hand-hold the moulding at the right attitude.
With the tall fence it is also easier to see that the moulding is correctly positioned, and by "see" I include the feel of the moulding settling into position.

Do me a favor and cut a sample of that frame from scrap, but instead of putting it in the Morso with the face up, put it in with the face down. That's how the folks at Vermont Hardwoods cut their stem profiles on Morso choppers. See if that makes a difference in joining.

I'm going to try to get some folks better suited to your issue than I am to see if they can help. Stay tuned.
Alright, I'm going to be easing off the tension and the gaps first thing when I get to the studio. Altough I also can push the key in slightly by hand and hammer it the rest of the way, even with the tension turned up like this.

I will think about getting the tall fence. It does feel 'easy to slide the moulding in the correct position, it's like it only fits one way, snug against the fence, cut face flat against the back fence. The only thing is that my moulding is so thin (10mm ²⁵/₆₄ inch) that it has very little support from the back fence since it barely covers the gap that the routerhead comes through. I'm going to look in to purchasing it (kinda want to fix the gap issue before spending more money on the machine, but if this might be at the root of the gap issue....?)

Oh and I always cut all of my mouldings face down, I only use square/rectangular (you call it cap moulding in English?) moulding in raw untreated hardwoods so that is the way to go for speed, accuracy and a nice clean cut.

Thanks so much for putting in the effort to get other people involved!
 
Ok, The gaps next to the key are way too large. I'm thinking .25mm at the most, just barely visible. That tight and the keyway could fail.
When I'm building a frame, I can usually push the key into the keyway a bit by hand on softer woods, with maple, I can get them started by hand but they generally hammer in easily.

I would think with the stem profiles you are using, the tall fence would be a huge help. I didn't have one with my 1st Hoffmann, and I did an entire museum show, 200 pieces, having to rely on my ability to hand-hold the moulding at the right attitude.
With the tall fence it is also easier to see that the moulding is correctly positioned, and by "see" I include the feel of the moulding settling into position.

Do me a favor and cut a sample of that frame from scrap, but instead of putting it in the Morso with the face up, put it in with the face down. That's how the folks at Vermont Hardwoods cut their stem profiles on Morso choppers. See if that makes a difference in joining.

I'm going to try to get some folks better suited to your issue than I am to see if they can help. Stay tuned.
just to make sure, we are talking about this one right.
 
Some thoughts. I've been using a Hoffman bit in a Thumbnailer for a few months & its a learning curve. Getting good results now on floaters.
-Moulding needs to be manufactured "square" i.e. face & side at right angles.
-When inserting the keys, you have to first tightly hold both sides getting them to line up.
 
That is the tall fence in the link from Hoffmann.
 
Something else to check is the tightness of the collar that holds the motor. I had a problem with it loosening while using the machine and solved that by adding a lock washer.
The motor stayed in position relative to the depth of cut, but was slightly canted resulting in shallow cuts and loose joints.
 
Hello Alexander
Let me chime in and see if I can help you improve your results:
First off as others have mentioned the router bit projection is way to deep, you need to move the motor back a bit with the fine adjustment on the machine.
The Dovetail Key should fill the keyway mortise and leave just a little bit of visible gap to either side of the Key, as Wally said around 0.25-0.5mm max. On W-0. Check your owner’s manual for the correct settings for each Key size.

Because your keyways are too depp, the Key exerts too much pressure on the miter, it can actually make the wood bunch up along the keyway and thus forcing the miters to open.

Wally is right, occasionally tearout on one side of the keyway is due to the rotation of the bit, it happens more in softer woods with wider spacing of the growth rings.

Regarding glogged keyways, again this is mostly a matter of wood species. Some woods creates larger chips that fall out easier, others are finer and more resinous and tend to stick around a bit more. Try making one cut and lightly tap the moulding on the table when you remove it, I do that almost instinctively.

To test your miter angles quickly do this:
-set up a length stop on your MORSO to around 200mm
- cut four pieces of straight moulding
- - rout keyways into each miter
- assemble only three corners by inserting Keys
- What does the fourth corner look like without a Key??Is is nice and tight or is the miter open? If it is open, how large is the gap?

I know we are an ocean away and you bought the machine in Europe but you can send us four pieces of your material, approx. 250mm long, mitered and routed with keyways but unassembled. This will give us a chance to see exactly the results you get and we can help you get the perfect joints you deserve.
Don’t give up, the Grumble Community is here to help!

Best regards,
Markus Hueber
Hoffmann Machine Company, Inc.
1386 Drexel Road
Valdese, NC 28690
USA
MHueber@Hoffmann-USA.com
 
Hi There everybody.

Quick update on which I Will elaborate more but I don’t have a lot of time to witte.

So I dialed down the depth of the keyway to take the pressure Off, I’ve reset my Morso again (very elaborately, I will take you through the entire process when I have more time to write it up).

At first that seemed to work better but gave me slightly loose joints. Then I quit doing two passes and instead started tapping out the debris in de keyway…and now it seems like it is working a whole lot better.

I still need to do some experimenting to see if the results are consistent and I will write up something with a little more detail but this is progress for shure!
Thanks every one already for the great help!
 
Hi everyone

Sorry for only getting back to this so late, I am opening and building a new shop and taking over the printing, mounting, framing studio where I used to work all at the same time so it been hectic to say the least.

That being said I'm afraid I spoke to soon on my last post. Things have definitely improved but are far from solved.

One thing is for sure, the tension (router bit projection) was certainly a part of the problem, with that dailed down the result is already better.

Altough I elaboratly reset the angels on the Morso like I said before I tried the 3 keys method that @Markus Hueber descirbed and I was kind of shocked to see that there is indeed a gap on the fourth corner and it is pretty wide (1,95 aprox.) so I guess I'm not cutting nice 45 degree angles at all.

the way I have tried to reset it is the method that is described on the vermonts hardwood webiste. Only because I didn't like holding it against a square (feels akward, can see the result properly and it seems that I can manipulate the joint close pretty much anytime, maybe I'm just doing it wrong) I tried to take it one step further and start with 4 flat straight pieces, cut one side to 45 degrees, flip em, set up a stop (with a clamp on the left side, with the stop on the right side) and then cut the other side in the idea that the error on one fence would not just be doubled but quadrupled and therefore could be adjusted very nicly.... I thought it had worked but guess not. Anybody had any idea on how to tackle this problem? As I just recently got this chopper I don't now how 'good' the blades on there are. I do have a new set that has just been sent out for sharpening for their first time. I'm going to replace te current blades with the new ones as soon as I can but I hope that by then I now how to reset the morso with more accuracy.
@David Waldmann as the chopper expert and writer of the original manual, do you have any idea's?

I think only then I can say with certainty if the problem lies with the chopper or the hoffmann.

Currently I'm using the bandclamp system for alignment and than I add the key when te glue is still setting to give it a good mechanical fastner. Works great but I think I need to see the fine tuning of the machines trough and try to get all the benefits.

Thanks everyone!
 
Only because I didn't like holding it against a square (feels akward, can see the result properly and it seems that I can manipulate the joint close pretty much anytime, maybe I'm just doing it wrong) I tried to take it one step further and start with 4 flat straight pieces, cut one side to 45 degrees, flip em, set up a stop (with a clamp on the left side, with the stop on the right side) and then cut the other side in the idea that the error on one fence would not just be doubled but quadrupled and therefore could be adjusted very nicly.... I thought it had worked but guess not.
Actually, your method would be "octupled"... and should indeed work fine. Just a bit more work.

Using your method, Hoffmann and join 3 corners. Adjust the fence until the end of the fourth piece sits snugly against first piece. Repeat for the other side. Now made a frame as you normally would and see what it looks like after 3 corners have been joined. Should be the same as you got doing your tests/adjustments on a per-side basis.
 
Actually, your method would be "octupled"... and should indeed work fine. Just a bit more work.

Using your method, Hoffmann and join 3 corners. Adjust the fence until the end of the fourth piece sits snugly against first piece. Repeat for the other side. Now made a frame as you normally would and see what it looks like after 3 corners have been joined. Should be the same as you got doing your tests/adjustments on a per-side basis.
Haven’t thought of this, thanks. And what type of moulding woud you advise? I for the W0 set up (and that’s the one I want to get set-up properly). Can I use something thin? Or would it make the same sense to use wide flat stock wit the w0 combo?
 
You mentioned that you are unsure of the blades that are on the machine, you may have to duplicate all you are doing when you put on a properly sharpened set.
You need to be working on only one variable at a time, and that would seem to be a variable that is recognized, but unaddressed.
 
You mentioned that you are unsure of the blades that are on the machine, you may have to duplicate all you are doing when you put on a properly sharpened set.
You need to be working on only one variable at a time, and that would seem to be a variable that is recognized, but unaddressed.
We re-check (and re-set a/r) whenever we put new blades on. AND we ONLY use blades re-sharpened from Tech-Mark.

I should add that, while Hoffmann in NC CAN sharpen blades, that is not their forte. They have literally referred me back to Tech-Mark.
 
We re-check (and re-set a/r) whenever we put new blades on. AND we ONLY use blades re-sharpened from Tech-Mark.

I should add that, while Hoffmann in NC CAN sharpen blades, that is not their forte. They have literally referred me back to Tech-Mark.
Good to know, thanks.
I don't think you could get a better recommendation than that.
 
Haven’t thought of this, thanks. And what type of moulding woud you advise? I for the W0 set up (and that’s the one I want to get set-up properly). Can I use something thin? Or would it make the same sense to use wide flat stock wit the w0 combo?
I would use the widest feasible stock you have available. We use 11/16 x 3 strainer stock.
 
You mentioned that you are unsure of the blades that are on the machine, you may have to duplicate all you are doing when you put on a properly sharpened set.
You need to be working on only one variable at a time, and that would seem to be a variable that is recognized, but unaddressed.
Hi, yeah I was going to wait on the new and resharpened set to start adjusting again as I figure that, if comes this close to getting it right you have to reset with each blade change anyway and it's like you say, one variable at the time. First the new blades, then reset the angles where needed then see if the Hoffmann still has issues and work on adjusting it further.
 
So another couple of months have gone (flown) by and I think it’s time for an update.

I’ve gotten my freshly sharpened new set of morso blades (first time I had to send this new set out for sharpening) and replaced them on my morso.
Next I reset the angles with the technique I described above (cutting 4 corners with the first the left blade, then the same on the right) using a 1.6inch x 0,8inch flat stock moulding. Every time I adjusted I also routed/inserted a key into the moulding to check the 4 corners (the key was always inserted as close to the inside of the corner) and turns out my mitres were off. So after adjusting I managed to get almost 4 almost perfect corners on my test piece. I say almost because as much as I tried I couldn’t completely get the error on the fourth corner out. Not on the left side, not on the right side which ofcourse also means not when I use both left and right. Since the error Is very small (on both the left and right I think I got a 0,02inch gap on the fourth corner but since that is supposedly the error multiplied by 8) I figured this is as good as it would get.

Then with the tension (the amount the key pulls on the two pieces) dialed back and my miters reset it finally happened, a frame with no gaps solely made by inserting the keys. and this on that slim 0,2inch stemmed moulding.

As you can imagine I was super happy.
I of course immediately started assembling all my frames this way and noticed that there were some things I could do that would help the corner turn out ‘perfect’.

The first thing is I used masking tape to close the frame before inserting the keys. This is just easier than trying to insert the key when the two (or four) sides of the frame are loose but it turns out it also helps with alignment and keeping the outer tip of the corner closed when inserting the key resulting in better corners.

The second thing was how I ‘fed’ the moulding into the hofmann. I used to first put the mitred end against the back fence and from that position push the side of the moulding against the v-fence. It would seem to me that this way the mitre would sit flush with the back fence and this would give me the best cutting result. I have since found that this is not the case.. Because I use very thin mouldings it would seem that this somehow slightly warps the moulding making the cut of the keyway a bit ‘off’ resulting in corners with occasional gaps.
So I have since started doing it differently. Now I start with the mitred edge a bit away from the back fence, set the side of the moulding flush against the V-fence and then from this position I slide the moulding forward along the fence until the mitred edge sits against the back fence. Although I haven’t gotten the tall fence yet I believe this would be a good addition for this as it ensures the moulding sits absolutely straight 90° from the base as it hits the back fence.

So far for the good news though.

Although the frame feels pretty solid (no wobble like described elsewhere on this forum) when it’s clamped by using just the insertion of the keys it turns out the corners are not that strong (keep in mind that for all of this I’m talking about the 0.2inch stem moulding).
I had hoped that the keys kept the corners closed so I could move on to sanding pretty much immediately. I think it was @David Waldmann who said they go on to splining/ sanding directly after the frame has been assembled, no drying time needed as the keys would keep the corner in place.
Well that didn’t work for me. Even after letting te glue (Titebond 3) set for an hour some corners tend to start cracking (from the inside) when I sand them before the glue has cured. So I really have to leave them overnight before I can manipulate them any further.

Then yesterday, to my horror I had a batch of frames, fully stained and fitted on which some corners also started cracking from the pressure of screwing in the strainer. It would seem that the screws of the strainer first push a little on the moulding before it catches the wood and taps into it. I of course try to manually squeeze te frame shut on the point where the screw enters te moulding while screwing but still this slight push makes the thin profile bow outward ever so slightly and makes some of the corners crack (again from the inside).

Since I’ve done a good amount of frames this way since I got the hofmann set up ‘correct’ I’m afraid that the corners are to weak to withstand much manipulation, moisture and temperature changes and that they are all bound to crack. That would be no good, obviously!. I know the won't fail because of the key but cracking just looks really really bad.

I’ve since tried to ‘up’ the tension again in the hopes that if the key ‘pulls’ the corner together harder it’s clamped shut better and this will eliminate the possibility of cracking but that’s no good. As soon as I ‘up’ the tension the wood ‘bunches’ up again and I get the gap on the outside of the corner as a result of too much pressure.

A big note here is that I seem to only have this problem with the thinnest (0.2inch) stem moulding. When I use the next stem thickness (0,31inch) It seems that the bit of extra wood can take more tension without ‘bunching’ up and this results in a stronger corner.
That is however no real help since like I mentioned 70% of what we do is this 0.2inch stem moulding.

A little sidepath here, somehow we seem only get people to bring in small works on average between 8” x 12” and 16" x 20". I really want to change this and have people bring in bigger works (24 x 36” would be a nice average) does anyone have any tips on how to get people to start doing this? Just curious.
Anyway this whole corner business is starting to drive me crazy. I used to have a certain way of doing things, bandclamps, screwed in strainer and somtimes splines if the frame was really important. Because I knew that this was not ideal and I was setting up a new framing studio I changed it up completely. New (secondhand) Morso and a Hofmann, in the hopes of getting a frame that is as strong as a splined frame but without the time consuming process of splining. I also hoped to eliminate the need for overnight curing of the glue and get strong corners almost instantaneously. I am however not as confident in my corners as I was before I changed it up, even with the previous ones having no splines or mechanical fastener besides the strainer. This is actually the opposite of what I thought was going to happen when I bought the Hofmann.
So yeah I don’t know.

I’ve been wanting to propose a bunch of nearby galleries with a certain ‘gallery partnership’ that I have been working on but I’m holding back on that because I don’t trust the quality I can deliver right now. Getting a good closed corner frame should be the least you can offer (at least I think so).

Truthfully I’m thinking about reverting back to my old ways, and just add the hofmann key as an added mechanical fastener. Maybe I was expecting to much or maybe on the 0.2” inch stem profiles things just won’t get ‘strong’ enough. I don’t know. I’m going keep trying to figure it out though.

Also something that keeps on bothering me is that I read a lot of people saying that the W0 are tricky to insert? that you have to be careful not to bend them while inserting… I have no such problems at all. I can even insert the keys partially by hand before I have to start tapping them with a hammer. Actually, I have 2 key sizes. the the ⅜” and the ⅞ inch which I stack. I often push in the ⅜” with my hands (it won’t be all the way in but most of the way in). Is this normal?

Oh, something else that just sprang to mind after writing this is the length of the keyway. I always try to go as close as I can to the full height of the moulding. For the 0.2inch stems I got a 1,26inch high moulding. I try to route the keyway somewhere around 1,18” - 1,22” in length so it runs up as much of the mouling as possible as I reason that this way you get clamping as close to the face as possible which should reduce the chance of cracking corners… Or am I wrong?
 
Random thoughts:
The mechanical advantage against that thin of a moulding is enough to cause the joint to open, regardless of glue or dry time.
Clamping the strainer in place helps avoid the deflection from inserting the screws. Predrilling helps if that is a possibility. Using screws that are specifically made for pocket hole joinery is best. (Assuming you are using that technique).
As to glue, the Titebond 3 may be a little too viscous. I have used it only on things that will be out in the weather. I use glue (Maxim, Cornerweld, etc.) that are specifically designed for miter joints.
Companies that make these kinds of frames for a living will attach the strainer prior to doing any finish work, thus providing the additional support to sand and finish these delicate profiles.
Hoffmann recommends that the keyway be cut no closer than 1/8" (.125") to the face of the frame. Cutting it as deep as possible does provide the maximum amount of pressure to the joint.
Stacking keys is one way of filling the keyway. I generally use keys that are too long for the keyway and trim with a little flush cutting trim saw.
The amount you can insert a key by hand will vary depending on the density of the wood. It's generally not a problem unless you can put it all the way in with no resistance.

Glad to hear the good news about the Morso, and your success in joining the other, thicker, profiles.
 
Random thoughts:
The mechanical advantage against that thin of a moulding is enough to cause the joint to open, regardless of glue or dry time.
I'm sorry, I don't exactly get what you mean by this. English is not my native language so this one kind of flew over my head. Did you mean that joints on profiles like this are doomed to fail because of how thin they are?

Clamping the strainer in place helps avoid the deflection from inserting the screws. Predrilling helps if that is a possibility. Using screws that are specifically made for pocket hole joinery is best. (Assuming you are using that technique).
clamping might be a good Idea. I don't use the pockethole system. The strainers I use actually have a premade v groove to put the screws in the correct angle. Like this :
ONL-10622.webp

Getting self drilling screws however might not be a bad idea although I must say (knock on wood) I have never had a piece of moulding split on me when I screwed in the strainer. The strainers themselves are of course always predrilled. I got a 45° angle jig on a drill press that makes sure I always hit the angle the way I want.


As to glue, the Titebond 3 may be a little too viscous. I have used it only on things that will be out in the weather. I use glue (Maxim, Cornerweld, etc.) that are specifically designed for miter joints.
It's funny you describe Titebond 3 as too viscous. I find it the opposite and be very watery/runny. Maybe it's not supposed to be this way? From all the glues I have used, Titebond 3 Is actually the least viscous one. I often wonder if that is not part of the problem. Because it is so runny it tends to run down from the moulding if you don't work quick enough leaving an 'uneven' coat of glue on the mitre.

Companies that make these kinds of frames for a living will attach the strainer prior to doing any finish work, thus providing the additional support to sand and finish these delicate profiles.
That could be helpful. Only since the frame is empty (no glass, spacers,..) it would be a little awkward to screw in the strainer as it has to sit all the way in the back of the frame. You can't flip it to screw it. Also I find that if you take out the screw again the hole they leave behind is a source of dust when trying to fit the artwork to the frame... but maybe that goes back to self drilling screw to leave a neater hole an prevent that.

Hoffmann recommends that the keyway be cut no closer than 1/8" (.125") to the face of the frame. Cutting it as deep as possible does provide the maximum amount of pressure to the joint.
Now that is interesting to know! Why is this? Since they say, as deep as possible but you do have stay away at least 1/8" from the face. There should a reason to this. @Markus Hueber can you maybe elaborate? Could routing too deep be what is causing the cracking the face of my corners?

Stacking keys is one way of filling the keyway. I generally use keys that are too long for the keyway and trim with a little flush cutting trim saw.
The amount you can insert a key by hand will vary depending on the density of the wood. It's generally not a problem unless you can put it all the way in with no resistance.

Glad to hear the good news about the Morso, and your success in joining the other, thicker, profiles.
Thanks for all the input Wally! It's good to bounce idea's off one another, I feel like this always leads to new insight!
 
As to the glue, how fresh is it? It does have a shelf life and can be affected by high or freezing temperatures.

The profile isn’t impossible to used, but decidedly more delicate with the joint having significantly less surface area and therefore easier to break.
I have worked with enough of this size profile to have seen that the splined joints hold up much better, but even they will break.

You can make some thin shims to position the strainer correctly while working on the finish. With planning, the shims can be removed after the strainer is installed. I have done that with strips of 1/8” foam centered board.

My understanding about the 1/8” setback is related to the face cracking or splitting.
I use the Hoffmann system on both unfinished hardwood and on pre-finished products, and have experienced splitting if the keyway is too close to the face or when I try a little too hard to tap the key in.
 
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