nona powers
MGF, Master Grumble Framer
There have been many posts about “acid free”, foamboard, rag board, wood pulp board which have clearly illustrated the confusion about the framing materials framers use every day to accomplish our jobs.
I would like that confusion to end and there is a way it can be accomplished. FACTS is a group of framers, manufacturers and scientists, who gathered together to prepare a set of standards for the framing industry. There are Guidelines describing how things should be framed along with other documents. The particular document I’m concerned with right now is the PMMB-2000, which sets standards for paper, mat and mounting boards to meet in order to be used for preservation framing.
I want framers to require that manufactures state whether their products meet the current FACTS PMMB-2000 or not. Crescent states right on their product information flyer that their rag line does. Bainbridge says their Alpharag, Alphamats, AlphaLinens and Denims do, Any of those products can be used for preservation framing because they meet the standards. If a product does not say it meets the standards, it should not be used for the highest levels of framing. Period.
Which other products on the market, right now, actually meet the FACTS PMMB-2000 standards? If the manufacturers will state clearly which ones actually meet the standards, framers can use those products and be assured they are using the best materials for conservation/preservation framing. (C/P framing) Knowing that information will make choosing framing materials much easier without every framer having to be a scientist. We won’t have to interpret words like, museum, conservation, archival, which have all been used on materials in the past that did not necessarily met these particular standards.
The call to action here is that standards have been set, manufacturers should be asked to state which of their products meet these standards for C/P quality framing. If enough framers ask for it in a reasonable manner, it will happen. If they don't, it won't.
Nona Powers, CPF, GCF
www.nonapowers.com
The following is a partial copy of the FACTS PMMB-2000. The full text can be found at www.artfacts.org
FACTS publishes this document as a public service. Its use is voluntary, and all results obtained by its use must be entirely the responsibility of the user. This document is subject to revision, change and/or withdrawal at any time. © FACTS 2000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is a guide to the composition and characteristics of paper, mat and mounting boards used for preservation applications. As would be used with, artworks, documents and keepsake when they are framed, stored, and display. This document includes a standard, information, and terminology, so that it may be more easily understood by those not familiar with paper and/or mat and mounting board manufacture.
Introduction
Not all paper, mat or mounting boards are alike, their composition and characteristics may greatly vary. Content or characteristics maybe very important to avoid material conflicts. To assure that the material meets your requirements this standard "Permanence in Paper, Mat and Mounting Boards" covers those content and characteristics questions.
The (P.O.) specifications of the US Library of Congress for mat and mounting board. (Library of Congress Specification Number 400-401-Feb. 18, 1997, Specifications for Mat/Mounting Board for Non-Photographic Materials; and Specification Number 400-402-Feb. 18, 1997, same for Photographic Materials.) have a good technical foundation. However, they are incomplete as a workable guide due to the great variety of materials selection. The standard FRM-2000 allows for a broad range of papers, mat and mounting boards. The user is free to determine composition, color, surface textures and characteristics base upon their individual requirements, using the standard to determine their preservation requirements.
Paper mat and mount board are used in a wide range of applications from temporary use to permanent displays. These materials are also used with a variety of artwork, art on paper, textiles, photographs, memorabilia and keepsakes all that may require preservation.
This Guide to "Permanence in Paper Mat and Mounting Boards" sets the standard for these materials used for preservation.
This document describes the properties in terms that will facilitate communication among buyer, seller and consumer. This is especially important for those who may not be familiar with manufacturing procedures, and who need enough information to make an intelligent decision concerning their needs in relation to what is available in the marketplace.
FACTS Standard Guide
Permanence in Paper Mat and Mounting Boards
1.00 Scope
1.01 A standard guide for determining permanence in paper products when used with artworks, keepsakes and memorabilia.
1.02 A method of identifying and describing the composition and characteristics of the many types of paper mat and mount board products.
1.03 This guide is directed to the composition, combinations and characteristics of papers and paperboards so to aid in the selection of the best material for each application
2.00 Terminology
2.01 FACTS Standard Terminology,(latest revision) and/or Random House Webster's Dictionary, 1999
2.02 Terminology Format-The following words are defined to clarify the importance of the articles, sections or formats, and to identify those that are mandatory.
2.02.1 "Shall"-indicates that a provision is mandatory.
2.02.2 "Should"- indicates that a provision is recommended as good practice.
2.02.3 "May"- indicates that a provision is optional.
2.03 "Consensus"-majority of opinion.
2.04 "Unbuffered"¾shall mean no alkaline filler
2.05 "Buffered"¾shall mean the addition of alkaline filler
3.00 Pulp
3.01 Fiber-The product shall be made from cotton, new rag or other high alpha-cellulose content virgin pulp. It shall not contain post consumer waste (TAPPI T 401).
3.02 Lignin-The stock shall have a Kappa number of 5, or less (TAPPI T 236).
3.03 Impurities-The product shall be free of metal particles, waxes, plasticizers, residual bleach, peroxide, or other components that could lead to the degradation of paper and artifacts in contact with, or in the immediate vicinity of, the paper or board.
3.04 The product shall contain less than 0.0008 % of reducible sulfur (TAPPI T 406).
3.05 Free Metallic Impurities-Iron shall not exceed 150 ppm and copper should not exceed 6 ppm (TAPPI T 266).
4.00 pH (TAPPI T 509)
4.01 No alkaline filler-unbuffered-usually in the range 7.0 to 7.5.
4.02 Alkaline filler, calcium carbonate, buffered usually in the range 8.5.
5.00 Filler-Alkaline Reserve (ASTM 4988)
5.01 Filler may or may not serve as an alkaline reserve; an alkaline reserve is also a filler.
5.02 The minimum alkaline reserve should be about two-percent and the maximum about five-percent by weight.
5.03 As carbonate filler may be a source of impurities, excess is not desirable, but excess has not been defined.
5.04 Zeolites and activated charcoal may be used as fillers.
6.00 Sizing
6.01 Only neutral or alkaline sizing shall be used.
6.02 Rosin-alum sizing-shall not be used (TAPPI T 408).
7.00 Photographic Activity Test (P.A.T.) (ANSI IT9 16-1994, or latest revision).
7.01 This test shall be required when the product is to be used for mounting photographs.
7.02 In the US, the Image Permanence Institute in Rochester, NY or any other pre-approved laboratory should perform tests.
8.00 Thickness (TAPPI T 411)
8.01 Reference to thickness as number of plys shall only be a descriptive term.
8.02 Thickness shall be expressed in metric units-millimeters-mm.
8.03 Thickness may also be expressed in points (0.001 inch) or inches-in.
8.04 For papers, a basis weight may be used.
9.00 Dimensions (length, width)
9.01 Dimensions may be expressed in metric units-millimeters-mm, or centimeters-cm. Dimensions may also be expressed in inches-in.
9.02 Tolerance-zero minus tolerance, 3 mm plus tolerance-(0.125 in.-1/8"-one eighth inch).
9.03 Size, squaring, and tolerance for length and width (ASTM D5625).
10.00 Added Color
10.01 The color of the product is a matter of agreement between buyer and seller.
10.02 Dyes and/or pigments shall be non-bleeding, lightfast and resistant to abrasion.
10.03 Bleeding-Any dye or pigment in the matboard shall show no bleeding when soaked in distilled water for 48 hours at room temperature while held down with a weight against a sheet of white bond paper.
10.04 Lightfastness-The color of the stock should not change more than 5 points of brightness (TAPPI T 452) after exposure in Sunlighter II for 96 hours, or when exposed in a standard fadometer for 36 hours (ASTM D3424).
10.05 Abrasion-With about one pound of pressure, rub the surface of the board about ten times, back and forth, with a white cotton towel. Nothing should transfer or rub off. Obviously, this is a very empirical and subjective test.
11.00 Surface Characteristics
11.01 The type of surface, and texture, shall be specified.
11.02 If the surface is designed to accept decoration and embellishments, it should conform to FACTS Mat Decoration Test No. 6-97. See Section 16.04.
11.03 The product should be free of fingerprints, dirt, bubbles, knots, shives and other abrasive particles.
12.00 Adhesive
12 .01 Any adhesive used shall not soften or run under normal environmental conditions and use.
12.02 Any adhesive used shall not cause the product to become transparent, or alter the color of the board.
12.03 Any adhesive used shall not discolor, or fail, causing delamination.
13.00 Identification Marking
13.01 Any markings on the product shall be permanent with no bleed or transfer.
14.00 Moisture Content
14.01 In order to prevent warping, waving or curling, the equilibrium moisture content of the product should be in the range between 4 and 7% at time of manufacture.
15.00 Packaging
15.01 The product should be packaged so that it will maintain the moisture content that it had at the time of manufacture.
15.02 The product should be packaged securely for transit, and the packages have proper identification marks.
16.00 Workmanship
16.01 Edges should be cut square and clean.
16.02 The product should be free of bent corners and delamination of plys.
17.00 Inspection
17.01 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to examine the shipment of the product, and determine whether it complies with the above-suggested requirements.
I would like that confusion to end and there is a way it can be accomplished. FACTS is a group of framers, manufacturers and scientists, who gathered together to prepare a set of standards for the framing industry. There are Guidelines describing how things should be framed along with other documents. The particular document I’m concerned with right now is the PMMB-2000, which sets standards for paper, mat and mounting boards to meet in order to be used for preservation framing.
I want framers to require that manufactures state whether their products meet the current FACTS PMMB-2000 or not. Crescent states right on their product information flyer that their rag line does. Bainbridge says their Alpharag, Alphamats, AlphaLinens and Denims do, Any of those products can be used for preservation framing because they meet the standards. If a product does not say it meets the standards, it should not be used for the highest levels of framing. Period.
Which other products on the market, right now, actually meet the FACTS PMMB-2000 standards? If the manufacturers will state clearly which ones actually meet the standards, framers can use those products and be assured they are using the best materials for conservation/preservation framing. (C/P framing) Knowing that information will make choosing framing materials much easier without every framer having to be a scientist. We won’t have to interpret words like, museum, conservation, archival, which have all been used on materials in the past that did not necessarily met these particular standards.
The call to action here is that standards have been set, manufacturers should be asked to state which of their products meet these standards for C/P quality framing. If enough framers ask for it in a reasonable manner, it will happen. If they don't, it won't.
Nona Powers, CPF, GCF
www.nonapowers.com
The following is a partial copy of the FACTS PMMB-2000. The full text can be found at www.artfacts.org
FACTS publishes this document as a public service. Its use is voluntary, and all results obtained by its use must be entirely the responsibility of the user. This document is subject to revision, change and/or withdrawal at any time. © FACTS 2000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is a guide to the composition and characteristics of paper, mat and mounting boards used for preservation applications. As would be used with, artworks, documents and keepsake when they are framed, stored, and display. This document includes a standard, information, and terminology, so that it may be more easily understood by those not familiar with paper and/or mat and mounting board manufacture.
Introduction
Not all paper, mat or mounting boards are alike, their composition and characteristics may greatly vary. Content or characteristics maybe very important to avoid material conflicts. To assure that the material meets your requirements this standard "Permanence in Paper, Mat and Mounting Boards" covers those content and characteristics questions.
The (P.O.) specifications of the US Library of Congress for mat and mounting board. (Library of Congress Specification Number 400-401-Feb. 18, 1997, Specifications for Mat/Mounting Board for Non-Photographic Materials; and Specification Number 400-402-Feb. 18, 1997, same for Photographic Materials.) have a good technical foundation. However, they are incomplete as a workable guide due to the great variety of materials selection. The standard FRM-2000 allows for a broad range of papers, mat and mounting boards. The user is free to determine composition, color, surface textures and characteristics base upon their individual requirements, using the standard to determine their preservation requirements.
Paper mat and mount board are used in a wide range of applications from temporary use to permanent displays. These materials are also used with a variety of artwork, art on paper, textiles, photographs, memorabilia and keepsakes all that may require preservation.
This Guide to "Permanence in Paper Mat and Mounting Boards" sets the standard for these materials used for preservation.
This document describes the properties in terms that will facilitate communication among buyer, seller and consumer. This is especially important for those who may not be familiar with manufacturing procedures, and who need enough information to make an intelligent decision concerning their needs in relation to what is available in the marketplace.
FACTS Standard Guide
Permanence in Paper Mat and Mounting Boards
1.00 Scope
1.01 A standard guide for determining permanence in paper products when used with artworks, keepsakes and memorabilia.
1.02 A method of identifying and describing the composition and characteristics of the many types of paper mat and mount board products.
1.03 This guide is directed to the composition, combinations and characteristics of papers and paperboards so to aid in the selection of the best material for each application
2.00 Terminology
2.01 FACTS Standard Terminology,(latest revision) and/or Random House Webster's Dictionary, 1999
2.02 Terminology Format-The following words are defined to clarify the importance of the articles, sections or formats, and to identify those that are mandatory.
2.02.1 "Shall"-indicates that a provision is mandatory.
2.02.2 "Should"- indicates that a provision is recommended as good practice.
2.02.3 "May"- indicates that a provision is optional.
2.03 "Consensus"-majority of opinion.
2.04 "Unbuffered"¾shall mean no alkaline filler
2.05 "Buffered"¾shall mean the addition of alkaline filler
3.00 Pulp
3.01 Fiber-The product shall be made from cotton, new rag or other high alpha-cellulose content virgin pulp. It shall not contain post consumer waste (TAPPI T 401).
3.02 Lignin-The stock shall have a Kappa number of 5, or less (TAPPI T 236).
3.03 Impurities-The product shall be free of metal particles, waxes, plasticizers, residual bleach, peroxide, or other components that could lead to the degradation of paper and artifacts in contact with, or in the immediate vicinity of, the paper or board.
3.04 The product shall contain less than 0.0008 % of reducible sulfur (TAPPI T 406).
3.05 Free Metallic Impurities-Iron shall not exceed 150 ppm and copper should not exceed 6 ppm (TAPPI T 266).
4.00 pH (TAPPI T 509)
4.01 No alkaline filler-unbuffered-usually in the range 7.0 to 7.5.
4.02 Alkaline filler, calcium carbonate, buffered usually in the range 8.5.
5.00 Filler-Alkaline Reserve (ASTM 4988)
5.01 Filler may or may not serve as an alkaline reserve; an alkaline reserve is also a filler.
5.02 The minimum alkaline reserve should be about two-percent and the maximum about five-percent by weight.
5.03 As carbonate filler may be a source of impurities, excess is not desirable, but excess has not been defined.
5.04 Zeolites and activated charcoal may be used as fillers.
6.00 Sizing
6.01 Only neutral or alkaline sizing shall be used.
6.02 Rosin-alum sizing-shall not be used (TAPPI T 408).
7.00 Photographic Activity Test (P.A.T.) (ANSI IT9 16-1994, or latest revision).
7.01 This test shall be required when the product is to be used for mounting photographs.
7.02 In the US, the Image Permanence Institute in Rochester, NY or any other pre-approved laboratory should perform tests.
8.00 Thickness (TAPPI T 411)
8.01 Reference to thickness as number of plys shall only be a descriptive term.
8.02 Thickness shall be expressed in metric units-millimeters-mm.
8.03 Thickness may also be expressed in points (0.001 inch) or inches-in.
8.04 For papers, a basis weight may be used.
9.00 Dimensions (length, width)
9.01 Dimensions may be expressed in metric units-millimeters-mm, or centimeters-cm. Dimensions may also be expressed in inches-in.
9.02 Tolerance-zero minus tolerance, 3 mm plus tolerance-(0.125 in.-1/8"-one eighth inch).
9.03 Size, squaring, and tolerance for length and width (ASTM D5625).
10.00 Added Color
10.01 The color of the product is a matter of agreement between buyer and seller.
10.02 Dyes and/or pigments shall be non-bleeding, lightfast and resistant to abrasion.
10.03 Bleeding-Any dye or pigment in the matboard shall show no bleeding when soaked in distilled water for 48 hours at room temperature while held down with a weight against a sheet of white bond paper.
10.04 Lightfastness-The color of the stock should not change more than 5 points of brightness (TAPPI T 452) after exposure in Sunlighter II for 96 hours, or when exposed in a standard fadometer for 36 hours (ASTM D3424).
10.05 Abrasion-With about one pound of pressure, rub the surface of the board about ten times, back and forth, with a white cotton towel. Nothing should transfer or rub off. Obviously, this is a very empirical and subjective test.
11.00 Surface Characteristics
11.01 The type of surface, and texture, shall be specified.
11.02 If the surface is designed to accept decoration and embellishments, it should conform to FACTS Mat Decoration Test No. 6-97. See Section 16.04.
11.03 The product should be free of fingerprints, dirt, bubbles, knots, shives and other abrasive particles.
12.00 Adhesive
12 .01 Any adhesive used shall not soften or run under normal environmental conditions and use.
12.02 Any adhesive used shall not cause the product to become transparent, or alter the color of the board.
12.03 Any adhesive used shall not discolor, or fail, causing delamination.
13.00 Identification Marking
13.01 Any markings on the product shall be permanent with no bleed or transfer.
14.00 Moisture Content
14.01 In order to prevent warping, waving or curling, the equilibrium moisture content of the product should be in the range between 4 and 7% at time of manufacture.
15.00 Packaging
15.01 The product should be packaged so that it will maintain the moisture content that it had at the time of manufacture.
15.02 The product should be packaged securely for transit, and the packages have proper identification marks.
16.00 Workmanship
16.01 Edges should be cut square and clean.
16.02 The product should be free of bent corners and delamination of plys.
17.00 Inspection
17.01 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to examine the shipment of the product, and determine whether it complies with the above-suggested requirements.